Crushing structure



Sept. 17, 1935. H RUMPEL 2,@fl41-,5@8

' CRUSHING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 25, 1955 INVENTOR.

www mmde ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 17, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims. (Cl.83-10) The present invention relates to improvements,

in the construction of crushing structures, and is directed especiallyto improvements in the mode of manufacturing the crushing members ofgyratory or similar crushers.

Generally defined, an object of the invention is to provide improvementsin the construction of the crushing members for crushers and especiallyfor machines of the gyratory. type.

Asshown and described in copending applications Serial No. 544,053,filed June 13, 1931, and Serial No. 625,263, filed July 28, 1932,matured into Patent 1,993,900, issued on March 12, 1935, it hasheretofore been proposed to provide a reduction crusher of the gyratorytype wherein a crushing member having a substantially spherical crushingsurface, is caused to cooperate with another crushing member having asubstantially conical crushing surface. The spherical surfaced member ofthis type of crusher comprises a head secured to a suitable drivingshaft, and a wearresistant shell-like mantle of substantially uniformthickness coacting with and secured to a spherical surface of the head.Because of the fact 7 that the included angle of the spherical crushingsurface is preferably considerably less than 180, the mantle, in fact,comprises a relatively fiat sector of a spherical shell, and thisflatness of the coacting parts introduces considerable difliculty inproperlyralining the head and mantle'and in rigidly attaching the mantleto the head, espe cially when it becomes desirable to replace a mantlein the field.

It is, therefore, a more specific object of the 1, present invention toprovide an improved replaceable mantle structure, and improvedinstrumentali'ties for effectively attaching a mantle to a supportinghead, in any crusher wherein the mantle is of such formation as to makeit difficult toproperly aline the coacting parts and'to secure firmanchorage.

Another specific object of the invention is to provide improved meansfor rigidly but detachably attaching a wear-resistant'crusher mantle toa head for driving the mantle with the aid of molten metal. I

Still another specific object of the invention is to provide an improvedhead mantle and attaching means therefor, especially applicable ingymto-ry crushers, which may be readily manufactured, which is durablein construction, and which is devoid of undesirable projectionsexposable to excessive wear.

A further specific object of the invention is to provide improved meansfor attaching a crusher mantle to a supporting head so that the coactingparts are fixed against possible relative shifting and wherein theattaching means are relieved from excessive stresses and Wear.

These and other objects of the invention will 5 be apparent fromthefollowing detailed descrip- A clear conception of the featuresconstituting the present improvement, and of the mode of constructingand of utilizing crushing structures 10 built in accordance with theinvention, may be had by referring to the drawing accompanying andforming a part of this specification in which like reference charactersdesignate the same or similar parts in the several views. 15

Fig. 1 is a central Vertical section through a fragment of a gyratoryreduction crusher of the spherical head type, showing the head membercomplete, and also showing a fragment of the concave member; ,7

Fig. 2 is a full top view of the mantle which is applied to the head ofthe crusher of Fig.1, drawn to a slightly reduced scale;

a Fig. 3 is a full top view of the crushing head with the mantle andmain shaft removed, drawn 5 to the same scale as Fig. 2; and

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary bottom View of the man tle, drawn to the scaleof Fig. 1.

' The gyratory crusher shown in Fig. 1 comprises in general a normallymovable crushing mem- 39 berconsistingof a mantle 8 coacting with a head9 rigidly attached by shrinkage to the upper extremity of a tapered main,shaft l0; an annular normally stationary crushing member consisting ofa liner H coacting withra concave 12 which is 35 ordinarily tiltablysupported from a main frame is; and a rotary eccentric M journalled inthe frame I 3 and coacting with the shaft I 0 to gyrate the mantle 8 andhead 9 relative to the liner H and concave 12 while permitting freerotation of 40 the gyrated member about the central axis of the shaft10. The upper stationary member of the crusher surrounds and overliesthe lower movable member, and these members cooperate to form an annulardownwardly extending and outwardly spreading crushing chamber 15 havingan upper central unrestricted inlet opening 16 and a lower annulardischarge opening 11 as shown in Fig. 1. The eccentric I4 is adapted tobe rotated in order to impart gyratory movement to the head 9 and mantle8, by gearing 18 of well-known construction; and the head 9 is supporteddirectly upon the upper end of the eccentric 14 through an antifrictionthrust bearing I9 coacting with a lower plane'surface of the head.

The crusher head 9 may be formed of cast steel or other strong materialwhich is not necessarily as wear-resistant as other materials, but themantle B should be formed of wear-resistant material, such as manganesesteel, and should be readily replaceable. The upper spherical portion ofthe head 9 is, therefore, provided with two or more substantially radialgrooves 20, and the upper end of the main shaft I0 to which the head isrigidly attached, is provided with a threaded hole 2|. over, providedwith an annular central projection 22, and the lower face of the mantle8 is shaped to roughly follow the major portion of the upper headcontour but is spaced slightly therefrom. The peripheral lower portionof the mantle 8 is, however, provided with an annular lower projection23, the lower face of which is ground or machined to accurately fit theadjadent machined spherical surface of the head 9, and which providesfor the slight spacing just referred to. The lower projection 23 may bein-, terrupted at several places by recesses 24, as shown in Figs. 1, 2,and 4, communicating with the space between the head and mantle withinthe projection 23, and the mantle 8 has one or more integral lowerprojections 25 depending from the lower face thereof into said space. Aclamping screw 26 coacts with the central hole 2 I in the main shaft [9,and with a central tapered opening in the mantle 8; and the head of thescrew 26 is provided with one or more slots 21 adapted to be broughtinto registry with adjacent slots 28 of a series formed in the mantle 8,at the tapered opening. The center of the screw head may also beprovided with a recess as shown, for permitting turning of the screw 26with the aid of a suitable tool, and no portion of the screw projectsbeyond the crushing surface of the mantle. When the mantle B and head 9are properly assembled, all of the intervening spaces are filled withmetal 29, such as zinc, in a manner to be subsequentl described.

During the manufacture of the improved head and mantle assemblage, theparts are first constructed as specifically described, and the clamp ingscrew 26 is utilized to preliminarily properly aline or center themantle and head, and to clamp the mantle 8 against the head 9 along thelower machined face of the annular projection 23. The assemblage is theninverted, and molten metal 29 is poured into the confined spaces betweenthe mantle and head, through the recesses 24 in the mantle periphery,thus completely filling these spaces, including the grooves 20, and alsosurrounding the projections 25. This molten metal after filling theseopen spaces finally also fills the slots 21, 28 as well, therebyproducing an uninterrupted backing for the mantle 8, and. also lookingthe screw 26 in place and the mantle 8 to the head 9 at the alinedgrooves 20 and projections 25. The mantle 8 is thus positively locked tothe head 9 and shaft H] in accurately alined position after the metal 29solidifies; but maybe readily removed for renewal by merely drilling orotherwise removing the metal 29 from within the slot 21 and withdrawingthe clamping screw 26. The head projection 22 coacting from excessiveshear and side thrust, and the grooves 29 and projections 25.coactwiththe filling metal 29 to positively prevent relative rotation of themantle 8 and head 9.

The upper part of the head 9 is, more by. this metal.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the presentinvention provides simple and highly effective means for attaching amantle to a head in a crushing structure wherein these elements are ofsuch formation that it is difficult to accurately aline the same, andthe improvement has proven highly successful in crushers wherein theseparts have limited spherical surface coaction. The mantle 8 and clampingscrew 26 are both keyed in place by the metal 29, and a perfect seatingis provided for the mantle The parts may thus be firmly locked to eachother and caused to coact along a machined seating of minimum area,thereby permitting manufacture of the assemblage at minimum cost, andthe clamping means are effectively -protected against wear and excessivestress.

While it is possible that the zinc filling 29 may crack during operationof the crusher, the inwardly tapered formation of the recesses 24 willprevent the metal from escaping or dropping out. It is, moreover,unnecessary to have the head grooves 20 and mantle projections 25 inlongitudinal alinement as shown, in order to effectively preventrelative rotation of the mantle and head, since the solid zinc fillerwill prevent such rotation of the parts so long as the adjacent facesthereof are not perfectly smooth.

It will also be apparent that the invention provides an improved readilyreplaceable mantle structure, which may be just as readily applied to ahead, either in the shop or in the field. The attaching screw may bequickly applied or removed to attach or rel-ease the mantle, and therenewal of the mantle can be effected with minimum loss of time andexpense. The central screw 26, with its tapered head, cooperates withthe contact surface of the annular projection 23 to perfectly center themantle upon the head, and the screw head presents an exposed surfacewhich is flush with the crushing surface of the mantle, thereby avoidingwear and possible loosening of the screw.

It should be understood that it is not desired to limit the invention tothe exact details of construction herein shown and described, forvarious modifications within the scope of the claims may occur topersons skilled in the art.

It is claimed and desired to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In combination, a shaft, a head secured to an end of said shaft, amantle for said head extending across said shaft end, said mantle havingan annular series of peripheral projections separated by radial recessesand directly contact- 1 radial projections and grooves respectivelyexposed to said space and extending inwardly away from said projectionsbetween successive recesses, a clamping screw penetrating the center ofsaid mantle and said space and coacting directly with said shaft toforce said mantle projections in contact with said head, said screw andmantle having registerable slots therein, and a body of relativelyfusible metal filling said space, recesses, grooves and slots to lockthe coacting parts against relative rotation.

2. In combination, a shaft, a head secured to an end of said shaft andhaving an annular central projection directly adjacent said shaft end, amantle for said head and shaft end having a depression within which saidprojection extends,

said mantle having an annular series of peripheral projections separatedby radial recesses and directly contacting said head remote from saidcentral head projection to form a separating space between said mantleand said head and shaft at all other portions of these elements, andsaid mantle and head having alined radial projections and groovesrespectively exposed to said space and extending inwardly from saidperipheral to said central projections between successive recesses, aclamping screw penetrating the center of said mantle and said space andcoacting directly with said shaft to force said mantle projections incontact directly with said head, said screw having a slot and saidmantle having a series of slots with which said screw slot isregisterable upon adjustment of said screw, and a body of relativelyfusible metal filling said space, recesses, grooves and slots to lockthe coacting parts against relative r0- tation.

HARVEY H. RUM'PEL.

